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Analýza výživy a krmení vybraných druhů zvířat v ZOO Brno
Mertová, Magdalena
The thesis is concerned with the issue of nutrition and feeding of animals kept in zoos. Specifically, it focuses on two groups of ungulates kept in Brno Zoo, namely equids (Przewalski's horse, eastern kiang, Chapman's zebra) and ruminants (European elk, Indian takin, Himalayan tahr, reticulated giraffe). The main objective of the work was to verify the suitability of the diets used for the selected animal species in terms of feed used and nutrient composition, using available software. The professional animal nutrition software of AgroKonzulta Žamberk spol. s r.o. and a modified feed database used in the Liberec Zoo were used. Feeding standards were created for individual animal species based on the nutrient requirement standards for livestock. The results of the work show that the available programs are not ideal for the analysis of feed rations of animals kept in the zoo. To improve the analysis, it would be necessary to know the exact nutrient composition of the feed used. The results of the analysis of the diets show that most of them contain too much dry matter and other nutrients (especially crude protein). An exception is the elk ration, which would need to increase the dry matter content while reducing the crude protein content.
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Analýza úrovně výživy a vybraných kvalitativních ukazatelů produkce mléka
KAZDA, Miloslav
The diploma thesis focuses on the analysis of the nutritional level of dairy cows and its influence on selected qualitative indicators of milk production. The aim of the work is to carry out a comprehensive assessment of the impact of feed ration and its composition on the quality and quantity of milk production, with an emphasis on identifying optimal nutritional conditions for achieving the highest utility and ensuring good health and living conditions for dairy cows. In the first part of the work, a theoretical review of current knowledge about dairy cow nutrition and milk quality was carried out, focusing on energy and nutrient needs of dairy cows, quality and optimal representation of feed, individual phases of lactation, milk quality, microbiological and hygienic value of milk, and factors affecting its quality. In the second part of the work, an analysis of the nutritional level in the selected breeding was performed. Mixed feed rations and individual components contained in them were evaluated here. Furthermore, utility and qualitative indicators of milk (fat content, protein, lactose, somatic cells, and total number of microorganisms) were assessed.
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Složení krmné dávky a vliv na produkci a reprodukci dojnic
MALECHA, Matyáš
This thesis deals with the issue of proper nutrition of dairy cows and its effect on milk production and reproduction. It includes an introduction to cattle breeding, milk yield, digestion and the main reproductive parameters. High dairy cow production and successful reproduction are positively reflected in the economics of each dairy farm. The ration dynamics will be monitored during the progressive inclusion of roughages in the different phases of nutrition and also on the reproductive indicators in the farm under study.
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Výživa dojnic v průběhu tranzitního období
SVAČINOVÁ, Nela
In this bachelor thesis the basic factors are described related to calving, correct nutrition and lactation of the dairy cow. The individual parts of the digestive tract and the course of digestive physiology are mentioned in the introduction. Subsequently, a section is devoted to transition period and risks that surround it. A substantial part of the work is also summary of basic nutrients found in feeds and basic components included in cattle rations.
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Problematika výživy jalovic
RUHSAMOVÁ, Kristýna
The thesis gives an overview of the nutrition of calves and heifers. The thesis is focused mostly on the dairy breeds of cattle and contains recommendations about the correct technology of rearing of calves and heifers, composition of rations, feeding in individual periods with regard to the anatomical-morphological structure of the individual organs of an individual which changes with age. The last chapter is made up of the problematic of health. Heifers are a category of cattle from 6 months to calving. It therefore follows the plant nutrition of calves and is exclusively based on plant feeds. Suitable feed ration in necessary for good health which is a prerequisite for high production of good-quality product and ensuring longevity of dairy cows. The basic requirement for feed ration is to match the growth intensity set by the breeding goal. The correct rearing of heifers is an important factor for high production and correct reproduction.
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Vliv chráněného methioninu v krmné dávce na mléčnou produkci dojnic
BERÁNKOVÁ, Barbora
The bachelor thesis deals with the effect of limiting amino acid on dairy cow production. The research part of the thesis focuses on the digestive tract of ruminants and the importance of foregut. It also outlines the requirements for ration formulation for lactating and dry cows. The second part focuses on the indispensability of nitrogenous substances in the organism. It discusses the importance, need and evaluation of nitrogenous substances. The following chapter deals with amino acids, which are an integral part of NL The last chapter of the theoretical part focuses on methionine, on which the experiment is based. The practical part deals with the effect of protected methionine on dairy cow production and milk constituents. An average of 471 dairy cows were included in the experiment and monitoring data were collected prior to and during the administration of Smartamine M into feed ration. The results of the experiment showed the effect of Smartamine M on increasing the value of protein component in milk (statistically highly significant value (P = 0.00011).
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Analýza úrovně výživy a vybraných ukazatelů v daném zemědělském podniku
FALTUSOVÁ, Tereza
The nutrition of dairy cows affects their yielding, health condition, fertility, and the overall economic results of the holding. Essential for the nutrition of dairy cows is the quality of the roughage, which affects the cost of feeding ration of the dairy livestock. This work evaluated the quality of fodder and its influence on selected indexes of a chosen agricultural holding during the year 2020. The evaluation concerned a Holstein cattle herd with an average quantity of 447 dairy cows. As mentioned above, the feeding ration affects the yielding of dairy cows. With the right amount of nutrients (nitrogen substances, energies, carbohydrates, fibre, fats, and mineral substances) in the feeding ration we might achieve higher amounts of components in milk (fat, proteins, and lactose). If the feeding ration is suitably designed, health issues (metritis, mastitis, and limping) do not occur in the herd. The fodder quality, yielding, and health condition of the herd affect the economics of the holding. The base for the feeding ration was roughage, which constituted 54 % of the feeding ration. Specifically, corn silage and protein silage constituted 27 % of the fodder dry mass. The milk components showed an average amount of 4,11 % of fat and 3,45 % of protein. The costs of 1 l of milk were in the year 2020 9,52 Kc/1 l on average and the purchase price of milk was 8,69 Kc/1 l on average.
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Mikrobiální kontaminace masa používaného ke krmení psů a koček v rámci syrové diety
HOSNEDLOVÁ, Barbora
Raw feeding, also called BAFR diet, is the practice of feeding a diet consisting of raw meat, offal and side dishes. The goals of the thesis were (i) to utilize a question-naire survey among breeders practicing the BARF diet (307 responders) to obtain further information about their motivation for practicing this diet, type of meat used and its treatment, and (ii) to microbiologically analyze two kinds (chicken, beef) of raw meat during the three days of its storing. It has been found that the main reason for practicing the BARF diet is that it's more natural and healthier for the animals according to the owners. The responders prefer frozen meat (87%) that they store in the refrigerator prior to consumption and keep it there for up to 3 days. The most commonly used types of meat are beef and poultry (55%). More than a half (58%) of the responders use the same tools for both preparing the feed dose as well as for preparing the meals for their household. The microbiological analysis of the meat confirmed an increase in the total number of microorganism and the number of coli-form bacteria during the three days of storage in the refrigerator - in chicken meat this increase was from 6.3 KTJ/g, respectively 4.8 KTJ/g (1st day) to 8.3 KTJ/g, respectively 6.4 KTJ/g (last day), for beef from 6.5 KTJ/g, respectively 4.3 KTJ/g (1st day) to 8.3 KTJ/g, respectively 5.5 KTJ/g (last day). A significant increase in number of microorganisms, some of which may cause human diseases, occurs while the feed meat is being stored in a refrigerator for a usual amount of time. It is therefore necessary to appeal for more hygienic manipu-lation when practicing this type of diet, which is also related to raising the pet own-ers' awareness of this issue.
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Optimalizace výživy a analýza vybraných ukazatelů produkce mléka
PAČESOVÁ, Kristýna
The fundament of this diploma thesis represents the nutrition of dairy cows which is affected by the quality of conserved forage. Within the evaluation of nutritional value were also comprised the factors of housing and watering of dairy cows. All indicators were observed during the years 2019 and 2020, under operating conditions. The optimization of the feed rations was performed, based on the feeding program assessment, to increase the milk yield. During both observed years, the main type of feed was corn silage. In 2020, 55 % of forage and 43 % of the total feed was represented by corn silage. Mixed feed rations for lactating dairy cows contained less dry matter (45 % in 2019 and 43.58 % in 2020), as well as a lower concentration of energy. In the context of raising productivity, it was proposed to increase the concentration of NEL in feed rations and keep the optimal values of nitrogenous substances (in the year 2020 - 162.5 g/kg of dry matter) and fibre (NDF). After the evaluation of milk yield, it was statistically proven the influence of the season on the fat and protein content in milk. Between the years 2019 and 2020, the average daily milking efficiency increased by 1.9 L/one dairy cow. In 2019, the price per one litre of produced milk was 8.43 CZK, in 2020 the cost was reduced to 7.52 CZK. Both observed years were profitable, in 2020 the profit increased by CZK 7,368 per one year and one dairy cow. The company had a lower cost per one dairy cow in a comparison with the average cost in the Czech Republic. Subsequently, the new feed ration resulted in a daily yield of 34.43 L/one dairy cow. The feed ration was enriched by corn in the form of CCM and molasses. On the contrary, the "GPS" feed was discarded.
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Základní aspekty výživy dojnic v průběhu laktace
KAZDA, Miloslav
This bachelor's thesis deals with the nutrition of dairy cows during lactation. There is characterized feeding of dairy cows in the whole meantime. Work contains of recommended feed rations with optimum amount nutrients during phases of lactacion. A brief description is also given to the nutrients, feeds and diseases caused by incorrect nutrition.
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